Global Navigation Satellite System

　　GNSS is the abbreviation of Global Navigation Satellite System. The Chinese translation shall be GNSS. At present, GNSS includes GPS from the United States, GLONASS from Russia, Compass from China, and Galileo from the European Union. The number of available satellites reaches more than 100.

　　As early as the mid-1990s, in order to break the monopoly position of the United States in the satellite positioning, navigation and time service markets, gain huge market benefits and increase European employment opportunities, the European Union has been committed to an ambitious civil global navigation satellite system program, called the Global Navigation Satellite System. The plan is implemented in two steps: the first step is to establish a first generation global navigation satellite system (called GNSS-1 at that time, i.e. EGNOS later built) that comprehensively uses the GPS system of the United States and the GLONASS system of Russia; The second step is to establish a second generation global navigation satellite system completely independent of the GPS system of the United States and the GLONASS system of Russia, that is, the Galileo satellite navigation and positioning system under construction. It can be seen that GNSS is not a single constellation system since its inception, but a comprehensive constellation system including GPS, GLONASS, Compass, Galileo, etc. As we all know, satellites orbit the earth in the sky, and it is self-evident that they are global; Global navigation is relative to land-based regional navigation, which reflects the advantages of satellite navigation.

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The basic principle of GPS navigation system is briefly introduced